KOPERCENTRAL PARK | 科佩尔城市公园：滨海空间的新定义

新科佩尔城市公园（New Koper Urban Park）在皮兰斯卡路和赛梅德拉海滨长廊之间，坐落于该区大运河与城市市场之外的地区。皮兰斯卡路代表得是该城镇基础设施发展的新阶段，而赛梅德拉海滨长廊作为曾连接此岛屿与大陆之间的纽带，是该城镇最重要的特征之一，并成为在科佩尔全画景中具有象征意义的元素组成——紧紧连接起海洋和盐塘；而随着城市过去的几十年中的快速发展，以前的盐塘地区逐渐被填满。那些在慢慢恢复的土地，象征着这处城镇未来主要的发展潜力。

NewKoper Urban Park is set between Piranska Road and the Semedela promenade, andbetween the Grande canal and the area just beyond the city market. PiranskaRoad represents a new stage in the development of the town's infrastructurewhile the promenade is one of the more important features of the town havingonce acted as the link between the city on the then-island and the mainland. Assuch, it counts among the characteristic elements in the panorama of Koper. Theconnection ran between the sea and the salt ponds. As the city developed duringthe past decades, the former salt-pond area was gradually filled in. The landthus recovered represented a major development potential for the town.

如今，人们已经开始在这些土地的部分表面上构筑建造，可即便如此仍然有大片的土地空置着，包括正处于规划过程中的区域。而这一处区域的主要特征，是它与海滨长廊和海洋产生紧密而直接的联结，而这也被认定为一种极其重要的空间特质。城市市场后方的大型停车场占据了它的部分土地；而若是将视线扩展到更开阔范围中的话，这处区域实现了斯洛文尼亚海岸的游客与海洋进行的初次接触，同时作为科佩尔镇和伊佐拉镇彼此流通往来的必经要地，成为里维埃拉的发展起点。因此只有沿着这条步道，对整条海岸线进行更全面，更协调的整合设计，才能在视觉和功能两方面将小镇目前呈现分离状态的两部分，连接成一个具有完整逻辑性质的整体。

Nowadays,these surfaces are partially built, but there are still extensive unoccupiedsurfaces, including the area under consideration. The key characteristic of thearea is the immediate connection with the promenade and the sea, which is to berecognised as a significant spatial quality. The area is partially occupied bya large car park behind the city market. In the broader context, the arearepresents the first contact with the sea for the visitors to the Slovenecoast, and it represents the starting point of the riviera between the towns ofKoper and Izola. Only a comprehensive and co-ordinated treatment of the entirebelt along the promenade will be able to visually and functionally connect thetwo currently separate parts of the town into a logical whole.

事实证明，该区需要进行适当的人为干预，以此来丰富和强化科佩尔居民的日常活动和体验质量，同时实现将城市的老旧城区与坐落于梅科夫山坡的塞梅德拉，奥尔莫和马尔科维克郊区统筹互连的规划目标。

Thisarea needs an intervention which will bolster the free-time activities ofKoper's inhabitants and further connect the old part of the city with thesuburbs of Semedela, Olmo and Markovec, which are strewn across the slopes ofMarkov Hill.

有预测称，海滨长廊附近海面将会越来越干净，与此预言相吻合的是，沿海滨长廊打造一处全新的城市海滩是具有高可行性的计划。而诸如此类的成功案例皆表明，城市海滩不仅是人们可以与海水中畅游嬉戏的娱乐区域，同时还可以成为十分重要的休闲社交场所。

Inline with the prognosis that the sea by the promenade is to grow increasinglycleaner, it is feasible that a new city beach mayappear along the promenade. Successful similar examples show that a city beachis not only an area where people take a dip in the sea but that city beachescan become the most important free-time socialising space.

而由于旧城核心区的过度密集的发展，无法提供足够的开放空间，开发面积极其受限；同时设计师考虑到会产生的娱乐噪音，音乐会和深夜活动等会对附近的居民产生严重干扰，基于诸如此类的考虑，制定了更为适应周遭环境的设计规划。当今科佩尔所特有的异构式开发类型，包括旧城中心，住宅郊区，前盐塘地区的商业服务开发带，以及现代海港不可避免存在着的对基础设施的需求，尽管可以通过创造向内形式空间实现视觉逃逸效果，但整体规模和向外表现力，将突破其周围发展的异质性限制，将所有的元素完全紧密联系在一起。

Sincethe densely developed old town core does not allow for a sufficient number oflarge open spaces and constrains their size, and since we need to understandthat convivial bustle, concerts, and late-night events disturb the residents inthe immediate vicinity, the placement of such programme in the area under considerationis all the more suitable. The heterogenous forms of development whichcharacterise present-day Koper - the old town core, the residential suburbs,the commercial and service development belt in the former salt-pond area, andthe inescapable presence of all the infrastructure required by a modern seaportcall for a space with an inwardly oriented form enabling a visual escape, butwhose scale and outward expressiveness would rise above the heterogeneity ofdevelopment around it and tie it all together.

新科佩尔城市公园延伸并且覆盖了超出原本场地之外的更为宽阔的部分，因此它的规划设计可以视作进一步人为干预的原型；而新干预措施则是提供给人们以更均衡和新颖的外观，周围建筑结构的异质性淹没于高密集度的内陆绿化中；城市海滩和现代城市公园的元素彼此交融，以此鼓励该地区居民和游客们，以更为多元化的方式体验空间。

Thearea of the new city park covers a sizeable portion of the wider site and itsdesign can thus serve as a prototype for further interventions. The newintervention offers a uniform and attractive appearance, and with its intensivehinterland greenery, it drowns the heterogeneity of the surrounding builtstructures. The fusing of the elements of a city beach and a contemporary citypark encourages the area's residents and visitors to use the space in differentways.

科佩尔城市公园的基本建构具备完整，统一，如波浪起伏的城市元素。在空间的管控布局方面，结合形态瞩目，覆满青绿的地形的自然起伏，以自然而柔和的方式将整座公园的外观表面划分为一个个单独的，内化的规划制岛屿。

Thebasic building blocks of the new city park are monolithic,undulating urban elements. Their controlled placement in the space incombination with a pronounced topography of the green surfaces softly dividesthe whole of the park's surface into individual introverted programme isles.

每一处独立的城市元素的设计都自始至终遵循着不同的规划方案；在一些地方，它们的海拔较高，可以起到遮挡视线和过滤杂音的作用；在一些地方，它们的海拔较低，允许不同功能区域之间进行畅通无阻的联结。

Thedesign of the individual urban elements consistently follows the differentprogrammes. In places, they are taller and act as a shelter from views and thenoisy surroundings; elsewhere, they are lower and allow for an unimpededcontact between programme zones.

遵循着有机设计的城市元素，在这里实现了某种意义上的具象化：观众，儿童障碍物，攀岩墙，海边酒吧的背景色，音乐会场，儿童游乐场，以及阅读区，等等等等。

Theorganically designed urban elements form stands for viewers, an obstacle coursefor children, climbing walls, a backdrop to a seaside bar, a concert venue, achildren's playground, a reading area, and more.

由于毗邻海洋，因此计划区域设计配备了许多“水”元素：池塘，地面洒水装置，喷泉，抛物线形喷水器，小瀑布和水平台，它们与各色城市元素结合，引导人们更积极地使用这些空间，并将未来的海滩活动区域，扩展到公园的内部。

Dueto the proximity of the sea, the programme zones are appointed with numerouswater elements. A pond, ground sprinklers, a geyser, parabolic water jets,cascades and a water platform in combination with the variegated urban elementsencourage an active use of the space and an expansion of the future beachtowards the interior of the park.

在科佩尔城市公园的景观设计方面，其种植部分仅以地中海本土植被为主。得益于战略性设计，高大的植被填满了公园两侧既存树道的留白处，为各个功能区提供了足够的阴影，同时亦保护公园内部空间免受其周遭环境的不利影响。

Theplanted portion of the landscape design is laid out only with indigenousMediterranean vegetation. The strategically arranged tall growth complementsthe existing tree lanes on both edges of the park, gives shade to theindividual programme zones, and offers the park area additional protection fromthe impacts of the surroundings.

为了鼓励人们尽可能多地使用这些空间，新的城市公园并没有应用传统公园的人行道，取而代之的是以更随性自然的设计：以草色瓷砖组成的联锁铺装，被主要在公园入口处和内部需要更密集使用地面的部分。于是游览者便可以自行选择他们的观赏路径，以及使用空间的方式。若是未来有新的元素加入，或逐渐形成最初很难预测的，更明确清晰的游览线路，则这种铺路方式的压实表面，可以更方便，更简单地进行重新布置，以此来适应这一处空间内可能发生的种种变化。

Inorder to encourage as much diversity in the use of its space, the new city parkdoesn't feature traditionally designed footpaths. Interlocking paving with afree arrangement of grass-coloured tiles is limited to the accesspoints and the sections of the park where a more intensive use of the ground isexpected. In this way, the visitors define their own path and their ownmanner of using the space. In case new content is added tothe park, or if obvious desire lines are formed, which is very difficult topredict initially, this manner of paving enables an easy rearrangement of thecompacted surfaces at a later time.

科佩尔城市公园的创新布局对于科佩尔市民来说，是重要又出色的新时代资产——因为它提供了更多的能开发出城市目前无法提供的服务和活动空间的可能性。科佩尔城市公园是一处备受瞩目的路标和景点，它以其独特美学形态和空间组织方式，超越了“功能性公园”的传统定义和局限；可以说，它是关于进一步设计出更广阔范围的公共空间的雏形和代表，成为目前处于衰退状态的斯洛文尼亚海岸及其他地区，采取以发展为导向的态度的强大动力。

Theinnovative layout of the city park is a great new asset for the citizens ofKoper as it enables the development of programmes which the city presentlycannot offer. The new park is an attraction and with its unique form and themanner of spatial organisation, it transcends a merely functional parkregulation. It represents a prototype for further designing of the wider area,as well as motivation for development-oriented attitudes in regard to othersections of the Slovene seacoast currently in a state of decay.

公园平面图

项目名称： 科佩尔城市公园Koper Central Park

完成年份：2018年11月

项目面积： 26.000 m2

项目预算： 3.000.000 EUR

项目客户： Koper Municipality

项目位置： 科佩尔，斯洛文尼亚Koper, Slovenia

项目定位：45°32'38.6"N 13°43'23.8"E

建筑公司：architecture ENOTA

项目团队 Dean Lah, Milan Tomac, Peter Sovinc, Polona Ruparčič,Peter Karba, Jakob Kajzer, Carlos Cuenca Solana, Sara Mežik, Nuša Završnik Šilec,Jurij Ličen, Eva Tomac, Goran Djokić；greenerySpicy Garden

结构工程：Ivan Ramšak s.p.

机械安装：Nom biro

电气安装： Nom biro

摄影提供：MiranKambič

获奖情况：Type invited competition,first prize year 2016；ThePlan Awards, Future Landscape winner；City Brand & Tourism Landscape Award, City Landscapefirst prize；Architizer A+ Awards,Public Park finalist；BIGSEE Architecture Award, Landscape & Urban Space；The Plan Awards, Landscapefinalist

KOPERCENTRAL PARK | 科佩尔城市公园：滨海空间的新定义

新科佩尔城市公园（New Koper Urban Park）在皮兰斯卡路和赛梅德拉海滨长廊之间，坐落于该区大运河与城市市场之外的地区。皮兰斯卡路代表得是该城镇基础设施发展的新阶段，而赛梅德拉海滨长廊作为曾连接此岛屿与大陆之间的纽带，是该城镇最重要的特征之一，并成为在科佩尔全画景中具有象征意义的元素组成——紧紧连接起海洋和盐塘；而随着城市过去的几十年中的快速发展，以前的盐塘地区逐渐被填满。那些在慢慢恢复的土地，象征着这处城镇未来主要的发展潜力。

NewKoper Urban Park is set between Piranska Road and the Semedela promenade, andbetween the Grande canal and the area just beyond the city market. PiranskaRoad represents a new stage in the development of the town's infrastructurewhile the promenade is one of the more important features of the town havingonce acted as the link between the city on the then-island and the mainland. Assuch, it counts among the characteristic elements in the panorama of Koper. Theconnection ran between the sea and the salt ponds. As the city developed duringthe past decades, the former salt-pond area was gradually filled in. The landthus recovered represented a major development potential for the town.

如今，人们已经开始在这些土地的部分表面上构筑建造，可即便如此仍然有大片的土地空置着，包括正处于规划过程中的区域。而这一处区域的主要特征，是它与海滨长廊和海洋产生紧密而直接的联结，而这也被认定为一种极其重要的空间特质。城市市场后方的大型停车场占据了它的部分土地；而若是将视线扩展到更开阔范围中的话，这处区域实现了斯洛文尼亚海岸的游客与海洋进行的初次接触，同时作为科佩尔镇和伊佐拉镇彼此流通往来的必经要地，成为里维埃拉的发展起点。因此只有沿着这条步道，对整条海岸线进行更全面，更协调的整合设计，才能在视觉和功能两方面将小镇目前呈现分离状态的两部分，连接成一个具有完整逻辑性质的整体。

Nowadays,these surfaces are partially built, but there are still extensive unoccupiedsurfaces, including the area under consideration. The key characteristic of thearea is the immediate connection with the promenade and the sea, which is to berecognised as a significant spatial quality. The area is partially occupied bya large car park behind the city market. In the broader context, the arearepresents the first contact with the sea for the visitors to the Slovenecoast, and it represents the starting point of the riviera between the towns ofKoper and Izola. Only a comprehensive and co-ordinated treatment of the entirebelt along the promenade will be able to visually and functionally connect thetwo currently separate parts of the town into a logical whole.

事实证明，该区需要进行适当的人为干预，以此来丰富和强化科佩尔居民的日常活动和体验质量，同时实现将城市的老旧城区与坐落于梅科夫山坡的塞梅德拉，奥尔莫和马尔科维克郊区统筹互连的规划目标。

Thisarea needs an intervention which will bolster the free-time activities ofKoper's inhabitants and further connect the old part of the city with thesuburbs of Semedela, Olmo and Markovec, which are strewn across the slopes ofMarkov Hill.

有预测称，海滨长廊附近海面将会越来越干净，与此预言相吻合的是，沿海滨长廊打造一处全新的城市海滩是具有高可行性的计划。而诸如此类的成功案例皆表明，城市海滩不仅是人们可以与海水中畅游嬉戏的娱乐区域，同时还可以成为十分重要的休闲社交场所。

Inline with the prognosis that the sea by the promenade is to grow increasinglycleaner, it is feasible that a new city beach mayappear along the promenade. Successful similar examples show that a city beachis not only an area where people take a dip in the sea but that city beachescan become the most important free-time socialising space.

而由于旧城核心区的过度密集的发展，无法提供足够的开放空间，开发面积极其受限；同时设计师考虑到会产生的娱乐噪音，音乐会和深夜活动等会对附近的居民产生严重干扰，基于诸如此类的考虑，制定了更为适应周遭环境的设计规划。当今科佩尔所特有的异构式开发类型，包括旧城中心，住宅郊区，前盐塘地区的商业服务开发带，以及现代海港不可避免存在着的对基础设施的需求，尽管可以通过创造向内形式空间实现视觉逃逸效果，但整体规模和向外表现力，将突破其周围发展的异质性限制，将所有的元素完全紧密联系在一起。

Sincethe densely developed old town core does not allow for a sufficient number oflarge open spaces and constrains their size, and since we need to understandthat convivial bustle, concerts, and late-night events disturb the residents inthe immediate vicinity, the placement of such programme in the area under considerationis all the more suitable. The heterogenous forms of development whichcharacterise present-day Koper - the old town core, the residential suburbs,the commercial and service development belt in the former salt-pond area, andthe inescapable presence of all the infrastructure required by a modern seaportcall for a space with an inwardly oriented form enabling a visual escape, butwhose scale and outward expressiveness would rise above the heterogeneity ofdevelopment around it and tie it all together.

新科佩尔城市公园延伸并且覆盖了超出原本场地之外的更为宽阔的部分，因此它的规划设计可以视作进一步人为干预的原型；而新干预措施则是提供给人们以更均衡和新颖的外观，周围建筑结构的异质性淹没于高密集度的内陆绿化中；城市海滩和现代城市公园的元素彼此交融，以此鼓励该地区居民和游客们，以更为多元化的方式体验空间。

Thearea of the new city park covers a sizeable portion of the wider site and itsdesign can thus serve as a prototype for further interventions. The newintervention offers a uniform and attractive appearance, and with its intensivehinterland greenery, it drowns the heterogeneity of the surrounding builtstructures. The fusing of the elements of a city beach and a contemporary citypark encourages the area's residents and visitors to use the space in differentways.

科佩尔城市公园的基本建构具备完整，统一，如波浪起伏的城市元素。在空间的管控布局方面，结合形态瞩目，覆满青绿的地形的自然起伏，以自然而柔和的方式将整座公园的外观表面划分为一个个单独的，内化的规划制岛屿。

Thebasic building blocks of the new city park are monolithic,undulating urban elements. Their controlled placement in the space incombination with a pronounced topography of the green surfaces softly dividesthe whole of the park's surface into individual introverted programme isles.

每一处独立的城市元素的设计都自始至终遵循着不同的规划方案；在一些地方，它们的海拔较高，可以起到遮挡视线和过滤杂音的作用；在一些地方，它们的海拔较低，允许不同功能区域之间进行畅通无阻的联结。

Thedesign of the individual urban elements consistently follows the differentprogrammes. In places, they are taller and act as a shelter from views and thenoisy surroundings; elsewhere, they are lower and allow for an unimpededcontact between programme zones.

遵循着有机设计的城市元素，在这里实现了某种意义上的具象化：观众，儿童障碍物，攀岩墙，海边酒吧的背景色，音乐会场，儿童游乐场，以及阅读区，等等等等。

Theorganically designed urban elements form stands for viewers, an obstacle coursefor children, climbing walls, a backdrop to a seaside bar, a concert venue, achildren's playground, a reading area, and more.

由于毗邻海洋，因此计划区域设计配备了许多“水”元素：池塘，地面洒水装置，喷泉，抛物线形喷水器，小瀑布和水平台，它们与各色城市元素结合，引导人们更积极地使用这些空间，并将未来的海滩活动区域，扩展到公园的内部。

Dueto the proximity of the sea, the programme zones are appointed with numerouswater elements. A pond, ground sprinklers, a geyser, parabolic water jets,cascades and a water platform in combination with the variegated urban elementsencourage an active use of the space and an expansion of the future beachtowards the interior of the park.

在科佩尔城市公园的景观设计方面，其种植部分仅以地中海本土植被为主。得益于战略性设计，高大的植被填满了公园两侧既存树道的留白处，为各个功能区提供了足够的阴影，同时亦保护公园内部空间免受其周遭环境的不利影响。

Theplanted portion of the landscape design is laid out only with indigenousMediterranean vegetation. The strategically arranged tall growth complementsthe existing tree lanes on both edges of the park, gives shade to theindividual programme zones, and offers the park area additional protection fromthe impacts of the surroundings.

为了鼓励人们尽可能多地使用这些空间，新的城市公园并没有应用传统公园的人行道，取而代之的是以更随性自然的设计：以草色瓷砖组成的联锁铺装，被主要在公园入口处和内部需要更密集使用地面的部分。于是游览者便可以自行选择他们的观赏路径，以及使用空间的方式。若是未来有新的元素加入，或逐渐形成最初很难预测的，更明确清晰的游览线路，则这种铺路方式的压实表面，可以更方便，更简单地进行重新布置，以此来适应这一处空间内可能发生的种种变化。

Inorder to encourage as much diversity in the use of its space, the new city parkdoesn't feature traditionally designed footpaths. Interlocking paving with afree arrangement of grass-coloured tiles is limited to the accesspoints and the sections of the park where a more intensive use of the ground isexpected. In this way, the visitors define their own path and their ownmanner of using the space. In case new content is added tothe park, or if obvious desire lines are formed, which is very difficult topredict initially, this manner of paving enables an easy rearrangement of thecompacted surfaces at a later time.

科佩尔城市公园的创新布局对于科佩尔市民来说，是重要又出色的新时代资产——因为它提供了更多的能开发出城市目前无法提供的服务和活动空间的可能性。科佩尔城市公园是一处备受瞩目的路标和景点，它以其独特美学形态和空间组织方式，超越了“功能性公园”的传统定义和局限；可以说，它是关于进一步设计出更广阔范围的公共空间的雏形和代表，成为目前处于衰退状态的斯洛文尼亚海岸及其他地区，采取以发展为导向的态度的强大动力。

Theinnovative layout of the city park is a great new asset for the citizens ofKoper as it enables the development of programmes which the city presentlycannot offer. The new park is an attraction and with its unique form and themanner of spatial organisation, it transcends a merely functional parkregulation. It represents a prototype for further designing of the wider area,as well as motivation for development-oriented attitudes in regard to othersections of the Slovene seacoast currently in a state of decay.

公园平面图

项目名称： 科佩尔城市公园Koper Central Park

完成年份：2018年11月

项目面积： 26.000 m2

项目预算： 3.000.000 EUR

项目客户： Koper Municipality

项目位置： 科佩尔，斯洛文尼亚Koper, Slovenia

项目定位：45°32'38.6"N 13°43'23.8"E

建筑公司：architecture ENOTA

项目团队 Dean Lah, Milan Tomac, Peter Sovinc, Polona Ruparčič,Peter Karba, Jakob Kajzer, Carlos Cuenca Solana, Sara Mežik, Nuša Završnik Šilec,Jurij Ličen, Eva Tomac, Goran Djokić；greenerySpicy Garden

结构工程：Ivan Ramšak s.p.

机械安装：Nom biro

电气安装： Nom biro

摄影提供：MiranKambič

获奖情况：Type invited competition,first prize year 2016；ThePlan Awards, Future Landscape winner；City Brand & Tourism Landscape Award, City Landscapefirst prize；Architizer A+ Awards,Public Park finalist；BIGSEE Architecture Award, Landscape & Urban Space；The Plan Awards, Landscapefinalist